About 40% of infertility cases are due – in part or in whole – to male factor infertility.  Endocrinologists are often able to define potential points of intervention when presented with an infertility issue such as:

• Low sperm count (oligospermia)
• No sperm count (azoospermia)
• Decreased sperm motility (asthenospermia)

These problems fall into two categories – Productive or Obstructive

Productive problems are problems with sperm production and this can stem from congenital (present at birth), problems with the testicle, hormone related issues, varicose veins, environmental exposures and cancer.

Obstructive issues impair the transport of sperm in the semen. Causes can include:

• Prior Surgery
• Infection
• Congenital abnormalities (present at birth)